Fading – Fading occurs to metal roof and metal wall products when UV rays and substances in the environment attack the pigments in the paint and cause their color to change. Color change is typically assessed based on its variance to the base state when new, represented by Delta E (dE or ΔE).
Film Thickness - Film thickness or dry film thickness (DFT) refers to the thickness of paint film on the strip surface, once the paint has cured. Typical dry film thicknesses for painted steel for metal roof and metal products range from 0.0005” (0.5 mil) to 0.0015” (1.5 mil).
Flexographic Roll Printing – Flexographic roll printing is the process Steelscape employs to impart its distinctive colors and designs, such as rustic and aged metallics onto metal for metal roof and wall products.
Galvalume® - See ZINCALUME®

www.steelscape.com

The following glossary provides an overview of the common terms used to describe features of metal roofing, metal siding, painted metal finishes and the metal coating process. If you are having difficulties understanding a term
not outlined in this glossary, please contact Steelscape at (888) 553-5521 or use the ‘Ask Steelscape’ button at Steelscape.com.

ASTM Standards - The American Society for Testing and Materials is an independent standards organization that regularly publishes testing and performance specifications for a wide variety of industrial products.
Backers – Backers provide the underside of painted metal used in metal roofs and walls with base color, some pro- tection, and a substrate (basis) for adhesives. A backer is typically white or neutral color.
Bonderized - Bonderized refers to the thin layer of Zinc Phosphate on the surface of the sheet that is a weldable product and provides a surface to which paint will readily adhere. This is typically used in rainwater goods such as gutters and flashings for metal roofs.
Chalking – Chalking is the degradation of the resin system at the surface of the finish on a metal roof or wall, due predominantly to prolonged UV ray exposure. As the resin breaks down, resin particles along with embedded pig- ment particles lose adhesion and take on a white appearance.
Clear Coat – A clear coat is an optional layer for metal roofs and metal walls applied over the paint top coat de- signed to add perceived depth to the surface, enhance gloss, or provide an additional layer of protection for extreme environments such as coastal or industrial environments.
Concealed Fastener Roofing – See Standing Seam
Cool Colors – Cool colors refer to a coating for metal roofs which utilize infrared (IR) reflective pigments that have been altered chemically and physically to reflect IR wavelengths while still absorbing the same visible light. Reflect- ing infrared light reduces the heat buildup in structures, thus reducing building cooling costs.
Corrugated – Corrugated is a common type of metal roof or wall panel design, which incorporates ribs of equal or similar size and shape to create aesthetically pleasing shapes and shadow lines.
Cut-To-Length – Cut-to-length is a manufacturing process in which metal products, typically metal coil, are cut to the exact specifications of an end-user or manufacturer for use in metal roof and wall products.
Delamination – Delamination is the loss of paint film adhesion to the substrate or between the primer and the topcoat. It can be visually apparent in several forms including bubbling, peeling, checking, chipping, cracking, or complete loss of the top coat on a metal roof.
Directional Paint System – Due to the unique shape of the pigments in the paint, common to metallic paints, a directional paint system catches light in a specific way that can vary between batches and orientation. This guidance is given for certain colors to avoid mixing orientation or batches to provide a clean uniform look once installed on a metal roof or wall.
Embossing – Embossing is the process of creating a raised texture to the surface of the metal. Undertaken in a con- tinuous process for metal applications such as metal walls.
Emissivity – Emissivity is the amount of heat a surface can dissipate away from itself. This is expressed as a percent- age between 0-100%. Used in the calculation of the Solar Reflectance Index for metal roofs.
Exposed Fastener or Lap Seam Panels – Exposed Fastener or Lap Seam Panels are metal roof and wall pan- els which are lapped with one over the other, with the fastener then attached from the outside and driven directly through the metal.

(PVDF) is the highest performing of the three common metal paint systems. It offers exceptional chemical, chalk, and fade resistance and can resist degradation when exposed to aggressive weather elements such as urban grime, air pollutants, salt, high temperatures and humidity. PVDF can be used on a wide range of preformed shapes, which is why they are often used for high-end architectural and high-profile commercial metal roof and wall projects.
Primers – Primers refers to a coating that prepares the substrate for painting by providing ‘bite’ for adhesion and directly supports topcoat color and flexibility. Primers also provide corrosion resistance for metal roof and wall prod- ucts.
Reverse Impact Test – A reverse impact test is a stress test that is performed to determine if any paint adhesion is lost through a direct impact from the underside of the material. Like the T bend test, this simulates final forming into the finished metal roof and wall product.
Roll Forming – Roll forming is the process used to manufacture the majority of metal roof and wall products. A continuous production process where material is fed through a series of progressive rollers to form it into a finished state. Enables the end panels to be manufactured to desired end user’s length.
www.steelscape.com

Galvanizing – Galvanizing is the process of coating a thin layer of zinc to steel to improve corrosion resistance. Re- ferred to by Steelscape as TruZinc. For most metal roof and metal wall products that use galvanizing this is applied before the paint layer.
Gauge – Gauge refers to the thickness of metal. A smaller gauge correlates to a thicker metal. For example, 22ga is thicker metal than 29ga. 22ga-29ga are also the most common gauges for metal roof and metal wall building appli- cations. Sometimes spelled as gage.
Gloss and Sheen - Gloss and sheen are two terms used to describe how well a surface reflects visible light. Gloss is measured at a 60° angle from the surface, while sheen is measured at 85°.
Graffiti Resistance – Graffiti resistance, for Steelscape applications, refers to a painted metal wall surface in which aerosol or marker-based graffiti can be removed from the surface.
LEED - Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), is a green building rating system developed based on a pre-developed framework for healthy, efficient and environmentally sustainable structures.
Light Reflectance Value (LRV) – Light Reflectance Value measures the amount of visible or usable light that reflects from a surface. LRV is expressed as a percentage from 0 to 100; the higher the number the more visible light that is reflected. Used for both metal roofs and metal walls.
Mechanical Seam – Mechanical seam refers to metal roof products where the seams are mechanically attached together by ‘rolling over’ one seam with another by hand using special tools or with a mechanical seamer. This offers superior weather tightness and product performance in extreme environments.
Metallic Coating – Metallic coating refers to the process of applying additional metal elements, typically Zinc (gal- vanizing) or Aluminum and Zinc (ZINCALUME® or Galvalume®) to steel to improve corrosion performance of metal roofs and walls.
Mica – Mica is a specially formulated pigment that is added to paint for metal roofs and metal walls to create a spar- kling or light-catching effect. This creates the effect of metal flakes in paint but with higher durability.
Oil Canning – Oil canning is a visual phenomenon seen as waviness or distortions in the flat surfaces of metal roofing and metal siding products. This effect is created by a range of different factors including stresses in the base material, improper fastener pressure, misaligned panels, and thermal expansion.
Pre-painted Metal – Pre-painted metal is the continuous process of coating steel rolls, called coils, with paint (also called coil coating). This type of metal is used in metal roofs and walls. The paint that is applied to the metal before it is formed into a finished product by a product manufacturer is called pre-painted metal.
Paint – Paint refers to the film applied to a surface to achieve a desired aesthetic and to protect the material under- neath. Metal roof and wall paints typically consists of resins, solvents and pigments. Pigments add color, resins are the binder and add physical and chemical attributes, and solvents dissolve this combination into a liquid form.
Paint System – The paint system consists of a combination of the different painted layers, namely the pretreatment, primer and top coat to create a total finish solution. Paint systems can be modified to achieve different aesthetic or performance characteristics.
Polyester Paint – Polyester Paint is the most economical metal roof paint system and offers the lowest level of UV resistance when compared to SMP (Silicon Modified Polyester) and PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride) systems. Ver- satile and easy to form, their paint structure can be modified to suit a wide range of performance qualities and their flexibility means they can be offered in a variety of color and gloss options.
Pre-treatment – Pre-treatment refers to a coating process applied before painting in which the surface of the metal is cleaned to improve paint adhesion attributes to improve the longevity of painted metal roof and wall products.
PVDF (Polyvinylidene fluoride also known as Fluorocarbon or Kynar 500® and Hylar 5000®) - Polyvinylidene fluoride

Silicon Modified Polyester (SMP) – Silicon Modified Polyester is a paint system with a different resin structure to improve their UV resistance qualities compared to traditional polyester systems. SMPs offer a greater resistance to chalk and fade compared to traditional polyester systems and commonly used in residential metal roof applications.
Slitting – Slitting is a manufacturing process in which the width of a metal coil is trimmed to a desired size, or in which one metal coil is slit to form multiple narrower coils for use in metal roof and wall products.
Snap Seam or Snap Lock Roofing – Snap Seam or Snap Lock Roofing is a type of standing seam metal roof profile which typically have a nailing flange to affix the profile to the roof deck and the seams snap together to form the interlock.
Solar Reflectance (SR) - Solar Reflectance refers to the amount of solar radiation reflected off a metal roof or wall surface. This is expressed as a percentage between 0-100%.
Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) – Solar Reflectance Index is the most common index used to measure the reflectivity effectiveness of a color for a metal roof or wall. The consolidated value calculated from solar reflectance and emissiv- ity with factors such as air flow considered. The higher the value the greater the reflectance. This is expressed as a range so that a standard black surface has an initial SRI of 0, where as a standard white surface has an initial SRI of 100.
Spangle - Spangle is a term to describe the distinctive finished appearance of unpainted ZINCALUME® steel as commonly used in metal roofs and walls.
Stamped Metal Tile, Shake, or Shingles – Stamped Metal Tile, Shake, or Shingles refers to the modular metal roof products manufactured using a stamping process to take on shapes of traditional roofing materials.
Standing Seam Roofing – Standing seam roofing is a common metal roof type for both residential and commer-    cial applications. The seam, is the vertical rib which interlocks between each profile and is raised from the flat base pan of the panel. The fasteners that attach these panels to the structure underneath are covered in the installation process, which is why these profiles are also called concealed fastener roofing profiles. Standing seam reflects one continuous piece from ridge to eave and are available in a variety of widths from 12” up to 20” and beyond.
Striation – Striations refers to the small ridges formed in flat areas of metal surfaces used to reduce the visual impact of oil caning in metal roof and wall products.
Swarf – Swarf refers to the small metallic filings created when metal roofing or siding products are pierced or cut with friction saws, abrasive discs, or drills. If these tiny particles are left on a metal surface, they can corrode and cause rust stains.
T Bend Test – The T Bend Test simulates forming of metal into metal roof and wall products and assesses the flexi- bility of painted metal. During this test, a bend is formed in the test sample and inspected for any cracking.
Tension Leveling - Tension leveling is an in-line process on both Steelscape metallic coating lines and the Kalama Pickle Line, which induces tension into the strip in excess of the yield strength. Tension leveling results in a flatter product with improved properties for subsequent forming into metal roof and wall products.
Toll Forming – Toll forming is the process of coating or painting metal in which the base metal is provided or owned by the end user.
Top Coat – The top coat refers to the top painted layer of metal which provides metal roofs and wall with the visual color, offers protection from the outside elements, in addition to durability, and weatherability.
TruZinc® - TruZinc® is the terminology used to refer to Steelscape’s computer controlled galvanizing process for metal roof and wall products
Yield Strength - Yield strength represents the stress at which materials transition from elastic to plastic deformation. Once a material has been loaded past its yield point, it is permanently deformed making it unsuitable for use in metal roof and wall products.
ZINCALUME® (Galvalume®) - ZINCALUME® refers to a metallic coating consisting of 55% Aluminum and 44% Zinc to offer superior corrosion resistance. Coatings using the aluminum-zinc alloy offer a number of advantages to zinc alone. Aluminum is inert and provides a protective rather than sacrificial barrier compared to zinc. This combi- nation is the common industry standard used for metal roof and wall products.

©2019 Steelscape, LLC.   All rights reserved.	0819

www.steelscape.com